Tryptophanyl tRNA Synthetase ELISA Kit (WARS)

Full Name: Tryptophanyl tRNA Synthetase ELISA Kit (WARS)
Reactivity: Human
Sample Type: Plasma, Tissue Homogenates, Serum, Biological Fluids
Sensitivity: 0.469 ng/ml

INTRODUCTION

WARS refers to tryptophanyl tRNA synthetase, an enzyme essential for protein synthesis across organisms. As an aminoacyl tRNA synthetase, WARS catalyzes the bonding between tryptophan amino acids and their corresponding tRNAs to form charged trp-tRNA complexes. These serve as substrates for ribosomal translation of mRNA blueprints into polypeptide chains where tryptophan gets incorporated at positions coded by trp codons. Beyond this housekeeping role, WARS also moonlights in immune regulation and angiogenesis.

Like other synthetases charging tRNAs with their cognate amino acids, WARS ensures fidelity of the genetic code by preferentially recognizing tryptophan over other amino acid options. After binding tryptophan’s carboxyl group to the 2’- or 3’- hydroxyl group on the tRNA’s terminal adenosine ribose, WARS releases the appended trp-tRNA product for ribosomal incorporation during mRNA translation. Without this matchmaker enzyme providing properly charged trp-tRNAs, protein synthesis stalls when ribosomes encounter tryptophan codons along messenger transcripts.

Intriguingly, beyond its canonical function in translation, extracellular WARS gets secreted to modulate immune responses and vascular development. Surface binding partners like VE-cadherin interact with secretable WARS to influence angiogenesis signaling. And through IL-8 induction, extracellular WARS foments inflammatory effects. These moonlighting activities apart from protein synthesis highlight scientific interest in the surprisingly diverse functional capacities across aminoacyl tRNA synthetases.

INTENDED USE

Human tryptophanyl tRNA synthetase ELISA kit can measure concentrations of WARS (tryptophanyl tRNA synthetase, WRS, TrpRS, hWRS, IFP53) present is plasma, serum, biological fluids or tissue homogenate samples.

CONTENT

All reagents supplied need to be stored at 2 °C – 8 °C, unopened reagents will retain reactivity until expiration date. Do not use reagents beyond this date.

• One 96-Well Plate: Pre-coated with anti- WARS.
• Standards: Lyophilized recombinant.
• Sample/Standard Dilution Buffer.
• Biotinylated-labelled Antibody.
• Antibody Dilution Buffer.
• HRP-Streptavidin Conjugate (SABC).
• SABC Dilution Buffer.
• TMB Substrate.
• Wash Buffer (25x).
• Plate Sealer.
• Product Instructions.

TYPICAL RESULTS

For this tryptophanyl tRNA synthetase ELISA kit, it is recommended that a standard curve is generated for each assay carried out.

Standard Curve: 0, 0.781, 1.562, 3.125, 6.25, 12.5, 25, 50 ng/ml.
Reactivity: Human
Sensitivity: 0.469 ng/ml
Range: 0.781 – 50 ng/ml
Principle: Sandwich, Double Antibody
Application: Research Use Only.

ASSAY CHARACTERISTICS

– Specificity: Highly specific for WARS, no cross reactivity or interference between WARS and analogues was detected.
– Recovery: Serum (86 – 100%), EDTA Plasma (86 – 103%), Heparin Plasma (87 – 102%).
– Linearity: Serum (86 – 105%), EDTA Plasma (88 – 96%), Heparin Plasma (85 – 100%).
– Precison Intra-Assay: CV < 8%
– Precison Inter-Assay: CV < 10%

REFERENCES

1. Tryptophanyl-tRNA Synthetase as a Potential Therapeutic Target. Int J Mol Sci. (2021) 22 (9): 4523. Ahn Y.H., et al.
2. A recurrent WARS mutation is a novel cause of autosomal dominant distal hereditary motor neuropathy. Brain. (2017) 140 (5): 1252-1266. Tsai P.C., et al.
3. Secreted tryptophanyl-tRNA synthetase as a primary defence system against infection. Nat Microbiol. (2016) 2: 16191. Ahn Y.H., et al.

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