Prostaglandin E2 ELISA Kit (PGE2)

Full Name: Prostaglandin E2 ELISA Kit (PGE2)
Reactivity: Human
Sample Type: Serum, Biological Fluids, Tissue Homogenates, Plasma
Sensitivity: 18.75 pg/ml

INTRODUCTION

Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) is synthesized within the cortex and medulla of the kidney. It is a signalling molecule produced by activated platelets. It lower the filterability of human erythrocytes by approximately 30% at a concentration of 10-10 M and also caused a reduction in mean cell volume by about 10%. It is naturally produced by the body with both COX1 and COX2 playing important roles. Endogenous PGE2 is made from arachidonic acid which can be found in cell membranes or dietary sources like red meat, eggs, seafood and nuts. Exogenous one is usually made from dietary sources of arachidonic acid, like red meat and eggs. Prostacyclin (I) and PGI2 are both made from arachidonic acid. Prostacyclin is produced in endothelial cells where they produce prostaglandins while platelets, macrophages and mast cells produce PGD2.

Prostaglandin E2 has a significant role in vascular smooth muscle tone regulation. It promotes vasodilation of smooth muscles by increasing the activity of cyclic adenosine monophosphate to decrease intracellular calcium levels via the IP and EP4 receptors. When it interacts with EP3 receptors, it increases body temperature, resulting in fever. It also supports tumor growth by promoting; angiogenesis, stimulating tumor-cell proliferation and protecting tumor cells from apoptosis. It plays multiple roles both in the physiology and the physiopathology of the human brain. An increased expression of PGE-synthase in a subset of human glioblastoma tumors, which catalyzes the isomerization of PGH into PGE2 downstream of COX-2. PGE2 produced by COX-2 may encourage tumour cell motility, angiogenesis, and invasion. Patients who experience recurrent miscarriage have lower levels of trophoblast-derived prostaglandin E2 receptor 2 (EP2) expression. EP2 controls inflammatory cytokine production and cell proliferation. It suppresses hCAP18/LL-37 expression in human macrophages via EP2/EP4: implications for treatment of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection.

INTENDED USE

Human prostaglandin E2 ELISA kit can measure levels of PGE2 (prostaglandin E2) present is human plasma, serum, biological fluids and tissue homogenates.

CONTENT

All reagents supplied need to be stored at 2 °C – 8 °C, unopened reagents will retain reactivity until expiration date. Do not use reagents beyond this date.

One 96-Well Plate: Pre-coated with anti- PGE2 antibody.
Standards: Lyophilized recombinant.
Sample/Standard Dilution Buffer.
Biotinylated-labelled Antibody.
Antibody Dilution Buffer.
HRP-Streptavidin Conjugate (SABC).
SABC Dilution Buffer.
TMB Substrate.
Wash Buffer (25x).
Plate Sealer.
Product Instructions.

TYPICAL RESULTS

For this prostaglandin E2 ELISA kit it is recommended that a standard curve is generated for each assay carried out.

Standard Curve: 0, 31.25, 62.5, 125, 250, 500, 1000, 2000 pg/ml.
Reactivity: Human
Sensitivity: 18.75 pg/ml
Range: 31.25 – 2000 pg/ml
Principle: Competitive
Application: Research Use Only.

ASSAY CHARACTERISTICS

– Specificity: Highly specific for PGE2, no cross reactivity or interference between PGE2 and analogues was detected.
– Recovery: Serum (84 – 104%), EDTA Plasma (86 – 105%), Heparin Plasma (85 – 103%).
– Linearity: Serum (82 – 98%), EDTA Plasma (83 – 99%), Heparin Plasma (95 – 101%).
– Precison Intra-Assay: CV < 8%.
– Precison Inter-Assay: CV < 10%.
– Stability: Less than 10%.

REFERENCES

Perspective of microsomal prostaglandin E2 synthase-1 as drug target in inflammation-related disorders. Biochem Pharmacol. (2015) 98 (1): 1-15. Koeberle A. and Werz O.
COX-2-PGE₂-EPs in gynecological cancers. Arch Gynecol Obstet. (2020) 301 (6): 1365-1375. Ye Y., et al.
Prostaglandin E2, an immunoactivator. J Pharmacol Sci. (2010) 112 (1): 1-5. Sakata D., et al.

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