Beta-D-Glucan ELISA Kit (BDG)

Full Name: Beta-D-Glucan ELISA Kit (BDG)
Reactivity: Human
Sample Type: Tissue Homogenates, Plasma, Biological Fluids, Serum
Sensitivity: 9.375 pg/ml

INTRODUCTION

Beta-D-glucan (BDG) is a cell wall polysaccharide which is commonly present in majority of fungi, except for zygomycetes, cryptococci and Blastomyces dermatitidis. These three either produce limited levels or are totally lacking this glucan. It is often viewed as an exoskeleton that has a main role in providing support and structure to the organism, while also providing mechanical protection. BDG is a wall-less glucan, meaning that it is not contained in the cell membrane. It occurs as a continuous polymer (a string of molecules linked together) in which individual units are only connected by hydrogen bonds to each other and to the exterior of the mycelium.

The structure beta-D-glucan is composed of a glucan that is made up several glucose polymers that are connected in a linear fashion whereby the carbon 1 and carbon 3 via a glycosidic bond forming a 1-3-beta-D-glucan backbone. This polysaccharide can be around 1500 glucose units long and many complex glycosidic bonds allow chain branching to occur. Each fungal species is known to display a highly variable branching structure. BDG structure can be divided into three domains: an acidic, outer region containing hydroxyl groups; an inner region with long-chain aliphatic side chains; and a central region consisting of mixed short and long chain fatty acids with either an amide or ether bond joining these two regions.

INTENDED USE

Human beta-D-glucan ELISA kit is designed for determining amounts of beta-D-glucan (BDG) in human biological samples, serum, tissue homogenates and plasma.

CONTENT

All reagents supplied need to be stored at 2 °C – 8 °C, unopened reagents will retain reactivity until expiration date. Do not use reagents beyond this date.

• One 96-Well Plate: Pre-coated with anti-BDG antibody.
• Standards: Lyophilized recombinant.
• Sample/Standard Dilution Buffer.
• Biotinylated-labelled Antibody.
• Antibody Dilution Buffer.
• HRP-Streptavidin Conjugate (SABC).
• SABC Dilution Buffer.
• TMB Substrate.
• Wash Buffer (25x).
• Plate Sealer.
• Product Instructions.

TYPICAL RESULTS

For the following beta-D-glucan ELISA kit it is recommended that a standard curve is generated for each assay carried out.

Standard Curve: 0, 15.625, 31.25, 62.5, 125, 250, 500, 1000 pg/ml.
Reactivity: Human
Sensitivity: 9.375 pg/ml
Range: 15.625 – 1000 pg/ml
Principle: Sandwich
Application: Research Use Only.

ASSAY CHARACTERISTICS

– Specificity: Highly specific for BDG, no cross reactivity or interference between BDG and analogues was detected.
– Recovery: Serum (87 – 103%), EDTA Plasma (90 – 105%), Heparin Plasma (89 – 103%).
– Linearity: Serum (86 – 99%), EDTA Plasma (80 – 96%), Heparin Plasma (84 – 97%).
– Precison Intra-Assay: CV < 8%.
– Precison Inter-Assay: CV < 10%.
– Stability: Less than 10%.

REFERENCES

1. Immunomodulation Through Beta-D-glucan in Chemically-induced Necrotizing Pancreatitis. Koliakos N.N., et al. J Surg Res. (2021) 261: 74-84.
2. Monocyte human leukocyte antigen-DR but not β-D-glucan may help early diagnosing invasive Candida infection in critically ill patients. Ann Intensive Care. (2021) 11 (1): 129. Jung B., et al.
3. Beta-d-glucan-based drug delivery system and its potential application in targeting tumor associated macrophages. Carbohydr Polym. (2021) 253: 117258. Su Y., et al.
4. 1,3-β-D-glucan in cryptococcal meningitis. Lancet Infect Dis. (2015) 15 (10): 1136-1137. Rhein J., et al.
5. Development of a Highly Sensitive β-Glucan Detection System Using Scanning Single-Molecule Counting Method. Int J Mol Sci. (2021) 22 (11): 5977. Adachi Y., et al.

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