CAV ELISA Kit (Canine Adenovirus)

Full Name: CAV ELISA Kit (Canine Adenovirus)
Reactivity: Canine/Dog
Sample Type: Serum, Plasma
Sensitivity: Qualitative

BACKGROUND

Canine adenovirus (CAV) is a complex disease which is frequently found in either wild or even domestic dogs, usually in majority of cases the dogs that are infected tend to only have subclinical infections which mostly recover completely. CAV-1 and CAV-2 are the two subgroups that are discovered. CAV-1 has an slight incubation period of one week but it also causes death in 8 to 12 weeks if left untreated. Both CAV-1 and CAV-2 are enveloped, single strand RNA viruses. They both have a genome that consists of a single molecule of negative sense RNA (ribonucleic acid) with approximately 16,000 nucleotides present in each virion.

The viral gene is translated into a protein product in living cells that infects and kills host cells by causing various cell types to undergo apoptosis or necrosis. The CAV-2 genome codes for the proteins VP35 and VP30. The CAV-2 genome produces proteins that are necessary for virion assembly, maturation and viral replication. The functions of these proteins vary depending on the stage during which they are expressed (such as during cell entry). Protein VP35 is expressed early in the infection process in order for host cell entry to proceed; it interacts with host cell membranes and facilitates attachment and penetration into host cells. Protein VP30 is expressed later during infection as part of an immune response; it activates signalling pathways that allow viral replication components to enter infected cells.

Canine adenovirus infects the kidneys and the liver and as an incubation period between 4-7 days. Diagnosis of this disease can be made through a combination antibody detection, clinical history and clinical signs, also an elevated level of antibody titer to CAV-1 can be observed. CAV can be often confused with canine parvovirus, since both lead to low white blood cell count and bloody diarrhea in unvaccinated, young dogs.

INTENDED USE

CAV ELISA kit can be used for measuring antibodies against canine adenovirus (CAV) in plasma and serum samples.

CONTENT

All reagents supplied need to be stored at 2 °C – 8 °C, unopened reagents will retain reactivity until expiration date. Do not use reagents beyond this date.

Microtiter Strips Coated With Canine Adenovirus Proteins.
Strip Holder.
HRPO-Conjugated (Anti-Species) Antibody.
CAV Weak Positive Control.
CAV Negative Control.
Wash Solution (200x Concentrated).
ELISA Buffer.
Substrate Buffer A.
Substrate Buffer B.
Stop Solution.
Plastic Cover Seal.

SENSITIVITY

The standard range of antibodies directed to canine adenovirus (CAV) using current CAV ELISA kit is qualitative and quantitative. Please contact us for the protocol insert for more details.

ASSAY CHARACTERISTICS

– Sample is scored positive if the OD is higher than 2.5 x OD of the negative control.
– End point titer:
≤ 30: No antibodies found.
90 – 270: Diseased (antibodies found, probably shedding CAV, retest in 2 months) or not diseased (low titer normally found incompletely recovered dogs but they still might be virus carriers).
≥ 810: High titer of antibodies found 8-10 weeks after infection or vaccination.

REFERENCES

Construction and characterization of a recombinant canine adenovirus expressing GP5 and M proteins of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus. J Vet Med Sci. (2010) 72 (8): 1035-40. Cai J., et al.
Detection and differentiation of CAV-1 and CAV-2 by polymerase chain reaction. Vet Res Commun. (2001) 25 (1): 77-84. Hu R.L., et al.
A real-time PCR assay for quantification of canine adenoviral vectors. J Virol Methods. (2010) 163 (1): 129-36. Segura M.M., et al.
Characterization of the genome of a vaccine strain of canine adenovirus type 1. Virus Genes. (1988) 2 (1): 69-81. Liu Y.C., et al.

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