Apolipoprotein A-I ELISA Kit (APOA1)

Full Name: Apolipoprotein A-I ELISA Kit (APOA1)
Reactivity: Human
Sample Type: Plasma, Tissue Homogenates, Serum, Biological Fluids
Sensitivity: 0.188 ng/ml

INTRODUCTION

Apolipoprotein A-I (APOA1), the major protein component of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) particles, mediates reverse cholesterol transport and holds immense clinical importance regulating atherosclerosis progression. Identified in 1975, APOA1 took decades of research to reveal mechanisms underlying its pivotal cardiovascular protective effects. ApoA-I constitutes approximately 70% of HDL particle protein content and must first be lipidated by the ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1) to form nascent, discoidal HDL particles. Otherwise free APOA1 undergoes rapid renal clearance.

Once lipidated, mature spherical APOA1-containing HDL particles circulate acquiring additional lipid and cholesterol cargo via several pathways. This facilitates delivery and uptake into the liver and steroidogenic tissues in the process termed reverse cholesterol transport. Through this mechanism, APOA1-HDL extracts excess cholesterol from artery walls for excretion, conferring the plaque-reducing and anti-inflammatory properties of HDL. Consistently, plasma APOA1 and HDL cholesterol levels share strong inverse correlations with cardiovascular event risk. Rare APOA1 mutations that impair particle formation or stability demonstrate causality by precipitating severe atherosclerotic disease.

Beyond its role in reverse cholesterol transport, APOA1 also exerts antioxidant and anti-thrombotic effects within the vasculature. For example, synthetic APOA1 mimetic peptides aim to enhance cholesterol efflux capacity while gene therapy or mRNA-based approaches seek to augment endogenous APOA1 production. Still, the exceptional protective functions embodied by APOA1-containing HDL particles promise to slow atherosclerosis through multiple mechanisms when properly harnessed.

INTENDED USE

Human apolipoprotein A-I ELISA kit can measure concentrations of APOA1 (apolipoprotein A-I, Alp-1, Brp-14, Apo-A1) present is plasma, serum, biological fluids or tissue homogenate samples.

CONTENT

All reagents supplied need to be stored at 2 °C – 8 °C, unopened reagents will retain reactivity until expiration date. Do not use reagents beyond this date.

• One 96-Well Plate: Pre-coated with anti- APOA1.
• Standards: Lyophilized recombinant.
• Sample/Standard Dilution Buffer.
• Biotinylated-labelled Antibody.
• Antibody Dilution Buffer.
• HRP-Streptavidin Conjugate (SABC).
• SABC Dilution Buffer.
• TMB Substrate.
• Wash Buffer (25x).
• Plate Sealer.
• Product Instructions.

TYPICAL RESULTS

For this apolipoprotein A-I ELISA kit, it is recommended that a standard curve is generated for each assay carried out.

Standard Curve: 0, 0.312, 0.625, 1.25, 2.5, 5, 10, 20 ng/ml
Reactivity: Human
Sensitivity: 0.188 ng/ml
Range: 0.313 – 20 ng/ml
Principle: Sandwich, Double Antibody
Application: Research Use Only.

ASSAY CHARACTERISTICS

– Specificity: Highly specific for APOA1, no cross reactivity or interference between APOA1 and analogues was detected.
– Recovery: Serum (89 – 100%), EDTA Plasma (91 – 103%), Heparin Plasma (87 – 102%).
– Linearity: Serum (88 – 105%), EDTA Plasma (85 – 99%), Heparin Plasma (80 – 99%).
– Precison Intra-Assay: CV < 8%
– Precison Inter-Assay: CV < 10%

REFERENCES

1. APOA1: a Protein with Multiple Therapeutic Functions. Curr Atheroscler Rep. (2021) 23 (3): 11. Cochran B.J., et al.
2. Serum apolipoprotein A-I depletion is causative to silica nanoparticles-induced cardiovascular damage. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. (2021) 118 (44): e2108131118. Liu X., et al.
3. APOA1 Is a Novel Marker for Preeclampsia. Int J Mol Sci. (2023) 24 (22): 16363. Liu Z., et al.
4. Inborn errors of apolipoprotein A-I metabolism: implications for disease, research and development. Curr Opin Lipidol. (2020) 31 (2): 62-70. Zanoni P. and von Eckardstein A.

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