Angiotensin 1-7 (Ang1-7): A Key Player in the Renin-Angiotensin System

Introduction

Angiotensin 1-7 (Ang1-7) a peptide, with significance originating from the renin–angiotensin system (RAS) has a role in maintaining blood pressure control and cardiovascular balance by regulating fluid levels in the body’s system. Often overshadowed by angiotensin II (Ang II) known for its properties, on blood vessels; Ang1-7 stands out as an agent that promotes vasodilation and provides protective benefits.

Synthesis and Mechanism of Action

Ang1-7 is mainly produced from angiotensin II with the help of enzymes such, as neprilysin and angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). Prolyl endopeptidase also plays a role, in this process. The production of Ang1-7 is part of a system that works against the impacts of Ang II by encouraging blood vessel dilation and lowering blood pressure.

Angiotensin 1-7 works by interacting with receptors, in the body’s cells; notably the Mas receptor—a type of G protein coupled receptor. When Ang1-7 binds to the receptor it triggers a series of internal signalling processes that include activating nitric oxide synthase (NOS). This leads to an increase in the production of nitric oxide (NO) resulting in blood vessel dilation. These effects differ from those of Angiotensin II which mainly causes blood vessel constriction along, with inflammation and tissue scarring.

Besides widening blood vessels (vasodilation) Ang1-7 also impacts cell functions such, as cell death (apoptosis) inflammation regulation and cellular growth stimulation (cell growth).

Role in Cardiovascular Health

Vasodilatory Effects

One important role of Angiotensin II (Ang II) derivative is its capacity to cause blood vessels to widen or relax through its engagement, with the receptor. In doing this compound encourages the relaxation of muscle cells in blood vessels resulting in decreased resistance in blood vessels and a drop in blood pressure. This impact holds significance in the realm of blood pressure where an imbalance, between Ang II and Ang1-7 moreover identified as hypertension can potentially lead to increased blood pressure levels and heightened cardiovascular risks.

Research has shown that giving Angiotensin 2 receptor antagonists (Ang 2 RA) can help reduce blood pressure in types of animals with hypertension conditions. Moreover, there is a belief that Angiotensin 2 RA could have an effect, in safeguard, against heart related changes and harm linked with high blood pressure.

Cardiac Protection

Ang1-7 peptide also has effects, on the heart in conditions like ischemia reperfusion injury and heart failure. It has been found that Angiotensin can decrease damage to the heart muscles support cell viability and prevent changes to the structure of the heart.

Implications in Kidney Function

The protective benefits of Ang1-7 are becoming more appreciated, in relation to kidney health. Angiotensin has the ability to control blood flow, in the kidneys and the rate at which blood is filtered through the kidneys blood vessels aiding in maintaining a balance of fluids and blood pressure.

In cases of kidney disease (CKDs) the renin–angiotensin system (RAS) often becomes imbalanced causing levels of Angiotensin II (Ang II) and reduced production of angiotensin 1-7. This disruption can worsen kidney damage. Advance the progression of the condition. Studies indicate that enhancing Ang1-7 signalling could offer advantages, for CKDs by reducing inflammation and fibrosis while supporting repair processes.

Therapeutic Potential and Future Directions

Due, to the impacts of Ang1-7 in heart and kidney health, there is an increasing fascination, with creating treatments that focus on the Angiotensin 1-7/ Mas receptor axis. Possible treatment initiatives involve employing Ang1-7 counterparts, stimulating receptors or using substances that amplify ACE2 activity to elevate Ang 1-7 levels.

Clinical studies are currently investigating the effectiveness of treatments based on angiotensin 1-7, in heart and kidney conditions.

Suitable ELISA Kits

• Angiotensin 1-7 ELISA Kit
• Ang1-7 ELISA Kit