Flotillin-1 (FLOT1): A Key Component in Membrane Microdomains

Introduction

Flotillin (FLOT1) is a protein that has an impact, in arranging membrane microdomains referred to as lipid rafts. These tiny areas are filled with cholesterol and sphingolipids and function as bases for multiple cellular activities such as signalling‚ membrane movement‚ and cell bonding. FLOT1 is recognized for its capacity to bond with these lipid rafts and support their structural strength‚ thus playing a key role in various cellular functions essential, for the cells well-being.

Structure and Function

FLOT1 is known for its composition featuring a preserved flotillin segment that plays a role, in connecting with other proteins and a distinct domain located at the end of the structure. This protein predominantly appears as a homodimer and its formation of structures is essential for its role, in creating and supporting lipid rafts.

In activities FLOT1 is important, for functions including aiding in the absorption of membrane proteins and lipids by facilitating endosmosis processes. It boosts the gathering of particular proteins in lipid rafts which then helps in their movement to endosomic areas supporting their entry into the cell.

Role in Cellular Processes

Signal Transduction

FLOT1 plays a role, in signal transduction pathways that are closely connected to receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) and G protein coupled receptors (GPCRs). When ligands bind to these receptors, they tend to group in lipid rafts where FLOT1 is found. This grouping helps kickstart signalling processes that can trigger cellular reactions, like growth, cell specialization and cell survival.

In addition, FLOT1 has been demonstrated as having connections, with signalling molecules such as Src family kinases and phospholipase C which emphasizes its function as a platform. Dysfunctions in FLOT1 can interrupt these pathways causing changes in cellular reactions and playing a role, in disease developments.

Cellular Adhesion and Migration

FLOT1 helps create connections between cells and improves the strength of molecules that help with interactions, between cells and the surrounding matrix.

In the field of cancer biology research has shown that increased levels of FLOT1 expression are associated with cancer cell’s ability to migrate and invade surrounding tissues easily. ​By focusing on targeting FLOT1 there is a possibility of developing novel treatment approaches to hinder the movement and invasion of cancer cells.

Implications in Disease

Cancer

FLOT1 has been associated with forms of cancer such, as breast cancer and colon cancer well as prostate cancer where it can support the growth and survival of tumor cells by boosting signalling in pathways linked to cancer development. The amounts present in tissues and tumor cells in circulation could potentially be linked to the advancement of the disease and its reaction, to treatment.

Neurodegenerative Diseases

FLOT1 might be involved in how amyloid precursor protein (APP)’s processed and how amyloid beta peptides are created afterward. Both elements in Alzheimer’s disease development. Understanding how FLOT1 works in these scenarios could bring perspectives into treatment methods, for degenerative brain conditions.

Suitable ELISA Kits

• Flotillin-1 ELISA Kit
• FLOT1 ELISA Kit