APRIL ELISA Kit (A Proliferation-Inducing Ligand)

INTENDED USE

Human APRIL ELISA kit is designed for detecting in vitro quantitative concentrations of a proliferation-inducing ligand (APRIL, TNFSF13) in human serum, plasma, tissue homogenates and other biological fluids. This assay has a minimum sensitivity limit of 0. 469 ng/ml.

BACKGROUND

A proliferation-inducing ligand (APRIL) can also be called tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 13 (TNFSF13) and it is a protein belonging to the TNF superfamily which is able to be recognised by the cell surface receptor TACI. APRIL is designed CD256 when using the cluster of differentiation terminology. It is known to display low levels of expression in normal cells and high levels of expression in tumors from different origins. In particular it shares two TNF receptor family members, BCMA and TACI with another TNF homolog, BlyS/BAFF, both of these have been reported to play essential functions in cancer and autoimmune disease.

A proliferation-inducing ligand has a major role in T cell survival and T-independent type II antigen responses, however it is also able to induce the survival or proliferation of non-lymphoid cells. Biologically active APRIL and BlyS/BAFF heterotrimers have been identified to be expressed in patients with systemic immune-based rheumatic diseases. Also, local production of APRIL is discovered in arthritic joints of patients with inflammatory arthritis.

There are evidence that a soluble form of the high affinity BCMA receptor has the ability to inhibit the proliferative activity of APRIL in vitro, this leads to reducing the tumor cell proliferation. Whereas, APRIL-transfected cells are found to display an increased rate of tumor growth directly, this observation indicates that APRIL could be implicated in the regulation of tumor cell growth.

CONTENT

All reagents supplied need to be stored at 2 °C – 8 °C, unopened reagents will retain reactivity until expiration date. Do not use reagents beyond this date.

• One 96-Well Plate: Pre-coated with anti-APRIL antibody.
• Standards: Concentrations 0, 0.781, 1.562, 3.125, 6.25, 12.5, 25, 50 ng/ml, made up from lyophilized recombinant human APRIL.
• Sample/Standard Dilution Buffer.
• Biotinylated-labelled ARIL Antibody.
• Antibody Dilution Buffer.
• HRP-Streptavidin Conjugate (SABC).
• SABC Dilution Buffer.
• TMB Substrate.
• Wash Buffer (25x).
• Plate Sealer.
• Product Instructions.

SENSITIVITY

The minimum detection sensitivity level of human a proliferation inducing-ligand (TNFSF13) using current APRIL ELISA kit was 0.469 ng/ml. The dynamic range for this assay is 0.781 – 50.0 ng/ml.

ASSAY CHARACTERISTICS

– Specificity: Highly specific for TNFSF13/APRIL, no cross reactivity or interference between APRIL/TNFSF13 and analogues was detected.
– Recovery: Serum (86 – 105%), EDTA Plasma (85 – 103%), Heparin Plasma (87 – 98%).
– Linearity: Serum (89 – 103%), EDTA Plasma (85 – 96%), Heparin Plasma (86 – 99%).
– Precison Intra-Assay: CV < 8%.
– Precison Inter-Assay: CV < 10%.
– Stability: Less than 10%.

REFERENCES

1. The BAFF/APRIL system: emerging functions beyond B cell biology and autoimmunity. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev. (2013) 24 (3): 203-15. Review. Vincent F.B., et al.
2. Therapeutic targeting of the BAFF/APRIL axis in systemic lupus erythematosus. Expert Opin Ther Targets. (2014) 18 (4): 473-89. Review. Stohl W.
3. Immune thrombocytopenia and B-cell-activating factor/a proliferation-inducing ligand. Semin Hematol. (2013) 50 Suppl 1: S89-99. Review. Liu X.G. and Hou M.
4. Role of BAFF and APRIL in human B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukaemia. Immunology. (2006) 118 (3): 281-92. Review. Haiat S., et al.

ADDITIONAL INFORMATION

• Full Name: APRIL ELISA Kit (A Proliferation-Inducing Ligand)
• Reactivity: Human
• Sample Type: Plasma, Serum, Other Biological Fluids, Tissue Homogenates
• Sensitivity: 0.469 ng/ml

OTHER RELATED ELISA KITS

• B-Cell Activating Factor (BAFF) ELISA Kit
• TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand (TRAIL) ELISA Kit
• Annexin V (ANX-V) ELISA Kit